Many “gears” are utilized for automobiles, however they are also used for many various other machines. The most frequent one is the “transmission” that conveys the power of engine to tires. There are broadly two functions the transmission of an automobile plays : one can be to decelerate the high rotation acceleration emitted by the engine to transmit to tires; the other is to improve the reduction ratio in accordance with the acceleration / deceleration or traveling speed of a car.
The rotation speed of an automobile’s engine in the general state of driving amounts to 1 1,000 – 4,000 rotations each and every minute (17 – 67 per second). Since it is extremely hard to rotate tires with the same rotation acceleration to run, it is necessary to lessen the rotation speed utilizing the ratio of the number of gear teeth. Such a role is named deceleration; the ratio of the rotation quickness of engine and that of tires is named the reduction ratio.
Then, why is it necessary to change the reduction ratio in accordance with the acceleration / deceleration or driving speed ? This is because substances need a large force to start moving however they do not require such a big force to excersice once they have began to move. Automobile can be cited as a good example. An engine, however, by its character can’t so finely change its output. For that reason, one adjusts its result by changing the decrease ratio utilizing a transmission.
The transmission of motive power through gears very much resembles the principle of leverage (a lever). The ratio of the amount of the teeth of gears meshing with one another can be deemed as the ratio of the length of levers’ arms. That is, if the reduction ratio is large and the rotation quickness as output is low in comparison to that as insight, the power output by transmission (torque) will be large; if the rotation speed as output is not so low in comparison compared to that as input, however, the energy output by transmission (torque) will be small. Thus, to change the reduction ratio utilizing transmission is much akin to the theory of moving things.
Then, how does a transmission alter the reduction ratio ? The answer is based on the mechanism called a planetary equipment mechanism.
A planetary gear system is a gear mechanism comprising 4 components, namely, sun gear A, several world gears B, internal gear C and carrier D that connects planet gears as seen in the graph below. It has a very complex structure rendering its design or production most difficult; it can recognize the high reduction ratio through gears, nevertheless, it really is a mechanism suitable for a reduction system that requires both small size and high performance such as for example transmission for automobiles.
In a planetary gearbox, many teeth are involved at once, that allows high speed reduction to be achieved with fairly small gears and lower inertia reflected back again to the engine. Having multiple teeth reveal the load also enables planetary gears to transmit high levels of torque. The mixture of compact size, huge speed reduction and high torque tranny makes planetary gearboxes a popular choice for space-constrained applications.
But planetary gearboxes perform have some disadvantages. Their complexity in design and manufacturing tends to make them a far more expensive answer than other gearbox types. And precision manufacturing is extremely important for these gearboxes. If one planetary equipment is positioned closer to sunlight gear than the others, imbalances in the planetary gears may appear, resulting in premature wear and failing. Also, the compact footprint of planetary gears makes high temperature dissipation more difficult, therefore applications that run at high speed or encounter continuous procedure may require cooling.
When utilizing a “standard” (i.e. inline) planetary gearbox, the motor and the driven equipment should be inline with one another, although manufacturers offer right-angle designs that include other gear sets (often bevel gears with helical tooth) to provide an offset between the input and output.
Input power (max)27 kW (36 hp)
Input speed (max)2800 rpm2
Output torque (intermittent)12,880 Nm(9,500 lb-ft)
Output torque (continuous)8,135 Nm (6,000 lb-ft)
1 Actual ratio would depend on the drive configuration.
2 Max input speed linked to ratio and max output speed
3 Max radial load placed at optimum load position
4 Weight varies with configuration and ratio selected
5 Requires tapered roller planet bearings (unavailable with all ratios)
Approximate dry weight100 -181 kg (220 – 400 lb)4
Radial load (max)14,287kg (31,500 lb)3
Drive typeSpeed reducer
Hydraulic electric motor input SAE C or D hydraulic
Precision Planetary Reducers
This standard range of Precision Planetary Reducers are ideal for use in applications that demand high performance, precise positioning and repeatability. They were specifically developed for use with state-of-the-art servo motor technology, providing tight integration of the engine to the unit. Design features include mounting any servo motors, standard low backlash, high torsional stiffness, 95 to 97% efficiency and peaceful running.
They are available in nine sizes with decrease ratios from 3:1 to 600:1 and output torque capacities up to 16,227 lb.ft. The output could be provided with a good shaft or ISO 9409-1 flange, for mounting to rotary or indexing tables, pinion gears, pulleys or other drive elements with no need for a coupling. For high precision applications, planetary gear reduction backlash amounts right down to 1 arc-minute can be found. Right-angle and insight shaft versions of the reducers are also obtainable.
Standard applications for these reducers include precision rotary axis drives, traveling gantries & columns, materials handling axis drives and electronic line shafting. Industries served include Material Handling, Automation, Aerospace, Machine Tool and Robotics.
Unit Design &
Construction
Gearing: Featuring case-hardened & surface gearing with minimal use, low backlash and low sound, making them the the majority of accurate and efficient planetaries available. Standard planetary design has three planet gears, with an increased torque edition using four planets also offered, please see the Reducers with Result Flange chart on the machine Ratings tab beneath the “+” unit sizes.
Bearings: Optional output bearing configurations for program particular radial load, axial load and tilting second reinforcement. Oversized tapered roller bearings are standard for the ISO Flanged Reducers.
Housing: Single piece metal housing with integral ring gear provides greater concentricity and remove speed fluctuations. The housing can be installed with a ventilation module to improve insight speeds and lower operational temperatures.
Result: Available in a good shaft with optional keyway or an ISO 9409-1 flanged interface. You can expect an array of standard pinions to install directly to the output design of your choice.
Unit Selection
These reducers are typically selected based on the peak cycle forces, which usually happen during accelerations and decelerations. These cycle forces rely on the powered load, the rate vs. time profile for the cycle, and any other exterior forces functioning on the axis.
For application & selection assistance, please call, fax or email us. Your application information will be examined by our engineers, who will recommend the best solution for the application.
Ever-Power Automation’s Gearbox product lines offer high precision in affordable prices! The Planetary Gearbox product offering includes both In-Line and Right-Angle configurations, built with the design goal of supplying a cost-effective gearbox, without sacrificing quality. These Planetary Gearboxes can be found in sizes from 40mm to 180mm, well suited for motors ranging from NEMA 17 to NEMA 42 and bigger. The Spur Gearbox range offers an efficient, cost-effective option compatible with Ever-Power Automation’s AC Induction Gear Motors. Ever-Power Automation’s Gearboxes can be found in up to 30 different gear ratios, with torque rankings up to 10,488 in-pounds (167,808 oz-in), and are appropriate for most Servo,
SureGear Planetary Gearboxes for Small Ever-Power Motors
The SureGear PGCN series is an excellent gearbox value for servo, stepper, and other movement control applications requiring a NEMA size input/output interface. It offers the best quality available for the price point.
Features
Wide range of ratios (5, 10, 25, 50, and 100:1)
Low backlash of 30 arc-min or less
20,000 hour service life
Free of maintenance; requires no additional lubrication
NEMA sizes 17, 23, and 34
Includes hardware for mounting to SureStep stepper motors
Optional shaft bushings designed for mounting to other motors
1-year warranty
Applications
Material handling
Pick and place
Automation
Packaging
Additional motion control applications requiring a Ever-Power input/output
Spur gears are a type of cylindrical gear, with shafts that are parallel and coplanar, and tooth that are straight and oriented parallel to the shafts. They’re arguably the simplest and most common type of gear – simple to manufacture and ideal for an array of applications.
One’s the teeth of a spur gear have got an involute profile and mesh one tooth at the same time. The involute type implies that spur gears just generate radial forces (no axial forces), however the approach to tooth meshing causes high pressure on the gear the teeth and high sound creation. Because of this, spur gears are usually used for lower swiftness applications, although they can be utilized at almost every speed.
An involute equipment tooth carries a profile this is actually the involute of a circle, which means that since two gears mesh, they get in touch with at an individual point where the involutes satisfy. This aspect motions along the tooth areas as the gears rotate, and the type of force ( referred to as the line of actions ) is tangent to both base circles. Therefore, the gears stick to the fundamental regulation of gearing, which statements that the ratio of the gears’ angular velocities must stay continuous throughout the mesh.
Spur gears could be produced from metals such as for example metal or brass, or from plastics such as for example nylon or polycarbonate. Gears manufactured from plastic produce much less sound, but at the difficulty of power and loading capability. Unlike other gear types, spur gears don’t encounter high losses because of slippage, so they often have high transmission performance. Multiple spur gears can be utilized in series ( referred to as a gear teach ) to attain large reduction ratios.
There are two primary types of spur gears: external and internal. Exterior gears have got one’s teeth that are cut externally surface area of the cylinder. Two exterior gears mesh with one another and rotate in reverse directions. Internal gears, on the other hand, have tooth that are cut inside surface of the cylinder. An external gear sits inside the internal gear, and the gears rotate in the same direction. Because the shafts are positioned closer together, internal gear assemblies are smaller sized than external gear assemblies. Internal gears are mainly used for planetary equipment drives.
Spur gears are usually viewed as best for applications that require speed reduction and torque multiplication, such as for example ball mills and crushing equipment. Types of high- velocity applications that use spur gears – despite their high noise levels – include consumer home appliances such as washers and blenders. Even though noise limits the utilization of spur gears in passenger automobiles, they are generally used in aircraft engines, trains, and even bicycles.